Instrumental Study of Natural Ventilation and Heating Systems in Historical Monuments of Uzbekistan

Abstract

The study explores the effectiveness of natural ventilation and heating systems in historical monuments across Uzbekistan. These systems were essential in managing the extreme continental climate, characterized by hot summers and cold winters. Using field measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, this research evaluates the thermal performance of selected sites, including the Bibi-Khanym Mosque  and the Ark Fortress. The findings highlight the ingenuity of historical climate control solutions and their relevance for sustainable architecture. The study contributes to the conservation of heritage structures and informs the integration of passive design principles in modern buildings.